Leaf Eating Pests

 

Information

• Leaf eating pests are insect that chew or consume plant tissue
• Natural insect repellent can be used in some cases
• Finding holes in the leaves of a plant means its sometimes easier to identify the creature/pest

 



• Sawflies chew holes that don't go all the way through the leaf, making it look intact but transplant. they have to killed by insecticides.

Sawflies

• Leaf miners burrow twisting tunnels across leaves another one to use insecticides against

Leaf Miners

• Sucking insects poke tiny holes in to leaves drawing the nutrition out of them. some examples includes aphids, squash bugs and spider mites. sucking insects can breed rapidly therefore you must act rapidly in order to get fully rid of the pests.

Spider Mites

• Slugs and snails will also feed on the plant leaves. However this is normally controlled by the natural food chain

Snail and Slug

Other animals:

• Wood Pigeon
• Ducks
• Geese
• Rabbits
• Hares
• Small rodents
• Deer

The Hardy- Weinberg Equilibrum

For a 2 allele situation the Hardy- Weinberg Equilibrium is the best to use......

REMEMBER THIS...

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

 

P and Q are the frequencies of the alleles A and a

 

 

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

(AA)  +  (Aa)  +  (aa) = 1

 

 

At the Equilibrium, allele frequency does not change over time

 

 

EXAMPLE;

 

A particular species of fish is rarely seen, however we can find eggs and sperm in the water

(these are haploid = 1)  

 

• The dominant allele 'R' codes for red scale colour
• The recessive allele 'r' codes for white scale colour

80% where 0.8 had  Dominate 'R'

20% where 0.2 had recessive 'r'

 

RR (p2)- 0.8 x 0.8 = 0.64

Rr (pq)- 0.8 x 0.2 = 0.16

rR (pq)- 0.2 x 0.8 = 0.16

rr (q2) - 0.2 x 0.2 = 0.04

 

add all the numbers together the total should = 1

Why is Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium Important?

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